This is a list of the world’s spaceports, organized by country, each with a list of their active or recently active launchpads, including those being worked on for future use. We omit pads used only for suborbital launches. The year given is for the site’s first attempted launch of an orbital rocket. RUSSIAN AND FORMER SOVIET LAUNCH COMPLEXES Kazakhstan Baikonur (Байқоңыр) Cosmodrome, 1957: 1/5 Soyuz — "Gagarin’s Start" (now being retired) 31/6 Soyuz (including crewed) 45/1 Zenit (past), ...maybe soyuz-5/Irtysh? (future) 81/24 Proton 175/59 Rokot (past?) 200/39 Proton (there are dozens of inactive and suborbital pads, such as 110/37 for N1 and Energia) European Russia Kapustin Yar (Капустин Яр) Cosmodrome, Astrakhan Oblast, 1962: inactive for orbital use (launched Kosmos) Plesetsk (Плесецк) Cosmodrome, Arkhangelsk Oblast, 1966: 16/2 Soyuz 35/1 Angara 43/3 Soyuz 43/4 Soyuz 133/3 Rokot (past?) Yasny (Я́сный) Launch Base, Dombarovsky Air Base, Orenburg Oblast, 2006: inactive (launched Dnipr) Russian Far East Svobodny (Свобо́дный) Cosmodrome, Amur Oblast, 1997: inactive and closed (launched Start — Rokot pad never used) Vostochny (Восточный) Cosmodrome, Amur Oblast, 2016: 1S Soyuz 2 1A Angara PU 3 Amur (future — pad name is temporary?) (20 miles NE of Svobodny... four more pads eventually planned) ocean Sea Launch Consortium, 1999: LP Odyssey Zenit (past), ...seeking future rocket UNITED STATES LAUNCH COMPLEXES: Florida Cape Canaveral Space Force Station / Patrick Space Force Base, 1958: 13 Atlas (past), Vaya Dauntless (future), Phantom Daytona (future) 14 Atlas (including Mercury, past), Stoke Nova (future) 15 suborbital (past), ABL RS1 (future) 16 suborbital (past), Terran 36A Atlas (past), New Glenn (future) 36B Atlas (past), New Glenn (future) 37B Saturn I (past), Delta IV and Heavy (past), Starship? (future) 40 Titan (past), Falcon 9 41 Titan (past), Atlas V, Vulcan 46 Atlas (past), Astra (past), Minotaur — leased by Space Florida John F. Kennedy Space Center (adjoining Cape Canaveral), 1967: 39A Saturn and Shuttle (past), Falcon 9 (including crewed) and Falcon Heavy, Starship (future) 39B Saturn and Shuttle (past), SLS 39C unknown (future) — built for Electron but not used 48 unknown (future) Virginia Wallops Flight Facility, 1961: inactive for orbital launches (launched Scout) Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport (leased from Wallops Flight Facility), 2006: LP-0A Conestoga (once), Antares, Firefly MLV (future) LP-0B Minotaur LC-2 Electron LC-3 Neutron (future) Alaska Pacific Spaceport Complex, Kodiak Island, 2001: LP-1 Athena (past), Minotaur LP-3B Astra (past) LP-3C RS1 California Vandenberg Space Force Base, 1959: 2E/2W Delta II (past), Alpha 3 East Atlas V (past), Vulcan (future) 4 East Atlas and Titan (past), Falcon 9, Falcon Heavy (future) 6 Delta IV and Heavy (past), Falcon (future) 8 Minotaur 576-E Minotaur-C Mojave Air and Space Port (near Edwards Air Force Base), 2020: runway LauncherOne (past), Stratolaunch (future?) (Pegasi have been launched from an Edwards runway, among many other sites) New Mexico Spaceport America (adjacent to White Sands Missile Range): only suborbital so far (including SpaceShipTwo, which mostly uses Mojave) Texas SpaceX Starbase (near Boca Chica), 2023: Orb. Pad A Starship Orb. Pad B Starship (future) (two suborbital pads have been removed) Blue Origin Launch Site One (near Van Horn): will probably remain suborbital only Marshall Islands Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site, Kwajalein Atoll, 2006: Omelek Falcon 1 (past) (many suborbital pads) CHINESE LAUNCH COMPLEXES: Gobi Desert Jiǔquán (酒泉) Satellite Launch Center, Inner Mongolia, 1970: 91 “SLS-1” Long March 2F including Shenjian (crewed) 94 “SLS-2” Long March 2C, 2D, 4C 95A (TEL) Kuaizhou 1 and 1A 95B (TEL) Kaituozhe 2 (past?), Kuaizhou 11, Long March 11, LandSpace 1, OS-M, Smart Dragon 1, Hyperbola 1, Ceres 1 96 LandSpace-2 120 (TEL) Tianlong-2 130 Lijian 1 (“TEL” means a transporter-erector-launcher truck... there are also many disused and suborbital pads) interior mountains Tàiyuán (太原) Satellite Launch Center, Shanxi province, 1979: LC-7 Long March 2C, 4A, 4B, 4C LC-9 Long March 2C, 4B, 4C LC-9A Long March 6A LC-16 Long March 6, Kuaizhou 1A (TEL?) Xīchāng ( 西昌) Satellite Launch Center, Sichuan province, 1984: LC-2 Long March 2E (past), 3A, 3B, 3C LC-3 Long March 2C, 2D, 3, 3A, 3B, 3C, 4C LC-4 (TEL) Kuaizhou 1A, Long March 11 coastal Wénchāng (文昌) Space Launch Site, Hainan Island, 2016: LC-101 Long March 5 and 5B LC-201 Long March 7, 7A, 8 (additional pads planned) Wénchāng Commercial Launch Site (adjoining), 2024: Pad 1 Long March 8 (future) Pad 2 XLV, Nebula, Tianlong, many others (all future) ocean Tai Rui and other barges, 2019: (TEL) Long March 11H, Smart Dragon 3, Ceres (they just roll a transporter-erector-launcher onto any old barge deck?) OTHER ACTIVE LAUNCH COMPLEXES: France / European Space Agency Interarmy Special Vehicles Test Centre (near Hammaguir, Algeria), 1965: inactive (launched Diamant) Guiana Space Centre (near Kourou, French Guiana), 1970: ELV Ariane 1, 2, 3 (past), Vega ELS Soyuz (past?), Maia (future) ELA-3 Ariane 5 (past) ELA-4 Ariane 6 (future) ELM-Diamant RFA-1, Miura, maybe more (all future) Japan Uchinoura (内之浦) Space Center, Kagoshima Prefecture, 1970: Mu Mu (past), Epsilon (four inactive and suborbital pads) Tanegashima (種子島) Space Center, Tanegashima Island, 1994: Yoshinobu 1 H-II (past), H-IIA Yoshinobu 2 H-IIB (past), H-3 India Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota Island, 1979: First LP PSLV, GSLV (past), SSLV Second LP PSLV, GSLV, LVM 3 (including future crewed) Israel Palmachim (פַּלְמַחִים) Airbase, 1988: (unnamed) Shavit Brazil Alcântara Space Center, 1997: VLS Pad VLS (three attempts... future?) Universal (open for international customers) (new) Innospace (future) (attempting to resume orbital activity after two decades of being suborbital only) Iran Semnan (سمنان) Space Center, 2008: Circular LP Safir, Zoljanah Main LP Simorgh unknown military base (Qom?) in or near Semnan, 2020: (unknown) Qased North Korea Tonghae (동해) Satellite Launching Ground, 2009: (unnamed) Unha (one attempt only) Sohae (서해) Satellite Launching Station, 2012: main pad Unha (past?)... new kerosene rocket? small pad Chollima (the names Tonghae and Sohae just mean East Sea and West Sea, being on opposite coasts) South Korea Naro (나로) Space Center, 2009: LC-1 Naro-1 (past), SSLV (future) LC-2 Nuri New Zealand Rocket Lab Launch Complex 1, Māhia Peninsula, 2017: Pad A Electron Pad B Electron NATIONS DEVELOPING FUTURE LAUNCH COMPLEXES: Australia RAAF Woomera Range Complex, South Australia, 1969: now suborbital only (launched Britain’s Black Arrow) Bowen Orbital Spaceport, Queensland: (unnamed) Eris (future) Arnhem Space Centre, East Arnhem Land, Northern Territory: (unnamed) Phantom (future) (suborbital pads are active) Whalers Bay Orbital Launch Complex, Eyre Peninsula, South Australia (planned): Pad 1 Blue Whale (future) Space Centre Australia, Cape York Peninsula, Queensland (planned): (no orbital customers identified) Sweden Esrange Space Center: (unnamed) RFA One, Alpha, Themis (all future) (various suborbital pads) Norway Andøya Space: (unnamed) RFA One, Isar Spektrum (all future) (six suborbital pads) Britain Spaceport Cornwall: (this is just Newquay Airport when used for LauncherOne — attempted once) SaxaVord Spaceport, Unst (Shetland Islands), Scotland (under construction): (unnamed) RFA One, ABL RS1, Skyrora (all future) Sutherland Spaceport, A’Mhòine, Scotland (under construction): (unnamed) Prime, Electron, Skyrora (all future) Spain El Hierro Launch Centre, Canary Islands (planned): (unnamed) Miura, Bloostar (all future) Portugal Azores International Satellite Launch Programme (temporary name), Santa Maria Island (planned): (unnamed) Prime, others (all future)